Control Systems definition:
Is the branch of
engineering responsible for understanding and controlling segments of manufacturing,
industrial and physical environments, often called systems, to provide useful
and economic products for societies.
A control system is an
interconnection of components (Sensors, Actuators, Controllers, Processors, Generators,
Governors, Amplifiers etc.) forming a system configuration that will provide a
desired system response or output.
14 Selected Inventions based in Control Systems shown
below:
1st Invention: The first applications of feedback appeared in the
development of float regulator mechanisms in Greece.
Reason of Invention: A water Clock regulating the water level in a vessel and, therefore, the water flow
from that vessel.
Date of Invention: in the period 300 to 1 B.C.
Inventors: Ktesibios.
2nd Invention: An oil lamp.
Reason of Invention: Used a float regulator in an oil lamp for maintaining
a constant level of fuel oil.
Date of Invention: 250 B.C.
Inventors: Philon
3rd Invention: Published a book named Pneumatica.
Reason of Invention: The book outlined several forms of water-level
mechanisms using float regulators.
Date of Invention: First century A.D.
Inventors: Heron of Alexandria.
4th
Invention: Temperature
Regulator.
Reason
of Invention: The first feedback
system in Modern Europe that regulates temperature.
Date of Invention: 1572-1633.
Inventors: Cornelis Drebbel.
5th
Invention: Pressure Regulator.
Reason
of Invention: The first pressure
regulator for steam boilers which is similar to a pressure cooker valve.
Date of Invention: 1681.
Inventors: Dennis Papin.
6th
Invention: The water-level float regulator.
Reason
of Invention: The float detects the water level and controls the
valve that covers the water inlet in the boiler.
Date of Invention: 1765.
Inventors: The Russian I. Poltzunov.
7th Invention: The Flyball Governor.
Reason of Invention: The first automatic feedback controller used for
regulating the speed of steam engines.
Date of Invention: 1769.
Inventors: James Watt.
8th
Invention: The automata.
Reason
of Invention: Dancing figures that
would repeat the same task over and over again; Automata are great examples of
open-loop control.
Date of Invention: 17th and 18th
centuries.
Inventors: Various Scientists.
9th Invention: In his work on <<Governors>>
Reason of Invention: Discovered the
Maxwell electromagnetic field equations and was able to explain instabilities
exhibited by the flyball governor using differential equations to describe the
control system.
Date of Invention: 1868
Inventors: J. C.
Maxwell.
10th Invention: Mechanized assembly machine.
Reason of Invention: Introduced for automobile production.
Date of Invention: 1913
Inventors: Henry
Ford.
11th Invention: Systems stability analysis.
Reason of Invention: Develops a method for analyzing the stability of
systems.
Date of Invention: 1932
Inventors: H.
Nyquist.
12th Invention: Numerical Control (NC).
Reason of Invention: The control of machine-tool axes.
Date of Invention: 1952
Inventors: Massachusetts
Institute of Technology.
13th Invention: First industrial robot design.
Reason of Invention: Development of industrial robots for automation.
Date of Invention: 1954
Inventors: George
Devol.
14th Invention: First ever autonomous rover vehicle
Reason of Invention: Explore the Martian planet surface.
Date of Invention: 1997
Inventors: NASA.
Below is a list of few advantages using Control
Systems:
·
Space
travel became possible.
·
Communication
satellites improvements.
·
Control
systems are very useful in remote or dangerous locations.
·
Safer
and more efficient aircrafts.
·
Cleaner
auto engines.
·
Control
systems can also be used to provide convenience by changing the form of the
input.
·
Cleaner
and more efficient chemical processes.
·
With
control systems we can move large equipment with precision that would otherwise
be impossible.
·
A control system can
produce the needed power amplification.
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